Epidemiological characteristics and psycho-psychological factors of senile arrhythmia in Xining area / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and psychological factors of senile arrhythmia in Xining area, and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of senile arrhythmia. Methods A total of 518 elderly patients treated in the department of Cardiology in Xining area from June 2018 to June 2020 were selected and divided into control group (without arrhythmia) and study group (with arrhythmia) according to whether the patients were complicated with arrhythmia. All subjects underwent 24h electrocardiographic monitoring to record heart rate, heart rate lead electrocardiogram and 24h dynamic electrocardiogram examination. Refer to the patient's medical records for general information, including age, gender, coronary heart disease, hypertension, etc.; Psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, sleep and quality of life were analyzed. The correlation between PSQI score, HAMA-14 score, HAMD-17 score and arrhythmia was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results Among 518 patients, 305 (58.89%) were complicated with arrhythmia, including 155 males and 150 females, with an average age of 76.15±3.79. Atrial arrhythmia accounted for 38.36% (117/305), sinus tachycardia accounted for 28.52% (87/305). Ventricular arrhythmias accounted for 11.48% (35/305); The incidence of arrhythmia in 70-79 year olds was significantly higher than that in 60-69 year olds (χ2=8.358 , P2=6.801, P2=1.534, P>0.05). The incidence of arrhythmia was significantly higher in patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease (χ2=16.401, χ2=9.772 , P<0.05). There were significant differences in PSQI score, HAMA-14 score, HAMD-17 score between the two groups (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that PSQI score, HAMD-14 score and HAMD-17 score were positively correlated with the occurrence of arrhythmia in the elderly population in Xining area, with correlation coefficients r=0.417 , 0.607 , 0.653 (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of arrhythmia increases in the elderly population in Xining area, mainly in the rural elderly population, which is associated with depression and anxiety and sleep disorders and other psychological factors. Early detection and early intervention can improve the response to treatment and accessibility.

Analysis of clinical diagnostic characteristics of 26131 patients with pneumoconiosis in Hunan Province / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical diagnostic characteristics of pneumoconiosis patients of migrant workers in Hunan Province, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods: In February 2022, through the Hunan Provincial Medical Treatment and Assistance Information Platform for Pneumoconiosis Migrant Workers, the cases of irresponsible subjects with pneumoconiosis that were first diagnosed clinically in Hunan Province from January 2017 to December 2021 were collected, and analyzed their gender, age, length of service, types of pneumoconiosis, stages of pneumoconiosis, and comorbidities. Results: From January 2017 to December 2021, there were a total of 26131 cases of irresponsible pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed clinically in Hunan Province, with males accounting for 99.8% (26072 cases) and an average age of (60.66±8.04) years old. Among the 26131 patients, coal workers' pneumoconiosis and silicosis were the main causes, with 16816 and 9078 cases respectively, accounting for 99.1% of the diagnosed cases. There were 8640 cases (33.1%) of stageⅠpneumoconiosis, 6601 cases (25.2%) of stage Ⅱ pneumoconiosis, and 10890 cases (41.7%) of stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis. 2051 patients experienced complications. The average age of exposure to dust of 26131 patients was (17.81±9.69) years, and the age of exposure to dust in silicosis patients was (14.60±9.62) years. The working age of coal worker's pneumoconiosis was (19.60±9.26) years. Compared with coal workers' pneumoconiosis patients, silicosis patients had a shorter working time exposed to dust, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Coal workers' pneumoconiosis and silicosis are mainly diagnosed for the first time in migrant workers' pneumoconiosis patients in Hunan Province. Pneumoconiosis patients should be diagnosed in time, which is conducive to treatment and rehabilitation.

Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction attenuates fibrosis in endometriosis through regulating PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway / 中国中药杂志

The present study aimed to investigate the protective role of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction(SFZY) against endometriosis fibrosis in mice, and decipher the underlying mechanism through the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) pathway. Eighty-five BALB/c female mice were randomly assigned into a blank group, a model group, high-, medium, and low-dose SFZY(SFZY-H, SFZY-M, and SFZY-L, respectively) groups, and a gestrinone suspension(YT) group. The model of endometriosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of uterine fragments. The mice in different groups were administrated with corresponding groups by gavage 14 days after modeling, and the blank group and model group with equal volume of distilled water by gavage. The treatment lasted for 14 days. The body weight, paw withdrawal latency caused by heat stimuli, and total weight of dissected ectopic focus were compared between different groups. The pathological changes of the ectopic tissue were observed via hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and Masson staining. Real-time PCR was employed to measure the mRNA levels of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) and collagen type Ⅰ(collagen-Ⅰ) in the ectopic tissue. The protein levels of PTEN, Akt, mTOR, p-Akt, and p-mTOR in the ectopic tissue were determined by Western blot. Compared with the blank group, the modeling first decreased and then increased the body weight of mice, increased the total weight of ectopic focus, and shortened the paw withdrawal latency. Compared with the model group, SFZY and YT increased the body weight, prolonged the paw withdrawal latency, and decreased the weight of ectopic focus. Furthermore, the drug administration, especially SFZY-H and YT(P<0.01), recovered the pathological and reduced the area of collagen deposition. Compared with the blank group, the modeling up-regulated the mRNA levels of α-SMA and collagen-Ⅰ in the ectopic focus, and such up-regulation was attenuated after drug intervention, especially in the SFZY-H and YT groups(P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the modeling down-regulated the protein level of PTEN and up-regulated the protein levels of Akt, mTOR, p-Akt, and p-mTOR(P<0.01, P<0.001). Drug administration, especially SFZY-H and YT, restored such changes(P<0.01). SFZY may significantly attenuate the focal fibrosis in the mouse model of endometriosis by regulating the PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Effect of Modified Shaofu Zhuyutang on Neural Angiogenesis and Pelvic Pain of Endometriosis with Syndrome of Cold Congeal and Blood Stasis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical curative effect of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang on pelvic pain of endometriosis （EMT） with syndrome of cold congeal and blood stasis and the influence on neural angiogenesis. MethodA total of 110 cases were divided into a control group （54 cases） and an observation group （56 cases） by the random number table method. Patients in the control group took Aifu Nuangong pills with 6 g/time and 2 times/day. Patients in the observation group took modified Shaofu Zhuyutang with 1 dose/day. Course of treatment continued for 3 menstrual cycles. Dysmenorrhea， other symptoms and signs of pelvic pain， and the EMT health profile-5 （EHP-5） for patients with syndrome of cold congeal and blood stasis and EMT were scored before and after treatment. The levels of peripheral blood nerve growth factor （NGF）， substance P （SP）， calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP）， brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）， soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase（sFlt-1）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， and insulin growth factor-1 （IGF-1） were detected before and after treatment. The levels of prostaglandin E2 （PGE2）， cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and other inflammatory factors were detected before and after treatment. The pain medication usage and recurrence were recorded. ResultThe scores of dysmenorrhea， symptoms of pelvic pain symptoms （non-menstrual pelvic pain， dyspareunia， anal falling pain， and defecation pain， etc.）， and signs of pelvic pain （pelvic tenderness and sacral ligament tender nodules） in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.01）. The disappearance rates of dysmenorrhea， pelvic tenderness， and sacral ligament tender nodules were 67.35% （33/49）， 73.33% （33/45）， and 77.27% （34/44） in the observation group， which were all higher than 45.83% （22/48）， 48.84% （21/43）， and 52.27% （23/44） in the control group. The difference was statistically significant （χ2=4.571， χ2=5.565， χ2=6.026， P<0.05）. The scores of EHP-5 and syndrome of cold congeal and blood stasis in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.01）. The levels of VEGF， MMP-9， IGF-1， NGF， SP， CGRP， and BDNF in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.01）， while the level of sFlt-1 was higher than that in the control group （P<0.01）. The levels of PGE2， COX-2， TNF-α， and IL-6 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.01）. The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.45% （49/53）， which was higher than 76.00% （38/50） of the control group （χ2=5.307， P<0.05）. After 6 months of follow-up， the recurrence rate in the observation group was 30.61% （15/49）， which was lower than 52.63% （20/38） in the control group （χ2=4.315， P<0.05）. The average of taking ibuprofen sustained-release capsules in the control group was higher than that in the observation group per menstrual period （P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Shaofu Zhuyutang treated pelvic pain of EMT with syndrome of cold congeal and blood stasis by regulating the mechanism of neural angiogenesis， reducing pain， and promoting the disappearance of related pains， thus improving the quality of life. Shaofu Zhuyutang has a better clinical effect than Aifu Nuangong pills and has a low recurrence rate.

Mechanism of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction in treatment of EMT induced dysmenorrhea based on network pharmacology and molecular docking / 中国中药杂志

Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP) and Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine(BATMAN-TCM) were searched for the effective components and targets of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction. The relevant targets for endometriosis(EMT) and dysmenorrhea were retrieved from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database(CTD), Therapeutic Target Database(TTD), GeneCards, and DisGeNET with the terms of "endometriosis" and "dysmenorrhea". Cytoscape 3.8.0 was employed to construct the drug-active component-therapeutic target network. A protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was established by STRING 11.0. Analyze Network, the plug-in in the Cytoscape 3.8.0, was used to calculate the topological parameters of the nodes and screen out the critical proteins in the network. The potential therapeutic targets were imported into RStudio and subjected to Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analyses with clusterProfiler package. Finally, the AutoDock Vina(Vina) platform was used for molecular docking to predict the binding degree of the main active components of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction to key targets. As revealed by the screening results, 136 active components and 380 targets of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction were obtained. Additionally, there were 1 627 targets related to EMT and 142 targets related to dysmenorrhea with 107 common targets, and 42 potential therapeutic targets of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction for the treatment of EMT-induced dysmenorrhea. The targets such as interleukin 6(IL6) and prostaglandi-nendoperoxide synthase-2(PTGS2) were pivotal in the biological network of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction intervention in EMT-induced dysmenorrhea, which involved multiple signaling pathways, including inflammation, hormones, and those promoted cell proliferation [e.g., mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase(PI3 K)-protein kinase B(AKT)]. The results of molecular docking showed that the active components of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction had good binding capacities to key targets such as IL6 and PTGS2. The findings of this study demonstrated that Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction could treat EMT-induced dysmenorrhea through multiple targets and multiple pathways, which could provide new ideas for investigating the underlying mechanism of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction in the treatment of EMT-induced dysmenorrhea.

A study of medial and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy based on stereoelectroencephalography / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) originating from different seizure onset zones had distinct electrophysiological characteristics and surgical outcomes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the origin and prognosis of TLE, and the stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) features.@*METHODS@#Thirty patients with TLE, who underwent surgical treatment in our functional neurosurgery department from January 2016 to December 2017, were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent anterior temporal lobectomy after an invasive pre-operative evaluation with SEEG. Depending on the epileptic focus location, patients were divided into those with medial temporal lobe seizures (MTLS) and those with lateral temporal lobe seizures (LTLS). The Engel classification was used to evaluate operation effectiveness, and the Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to detect seizure-free duration.@*RESULTS@#The mean follow-up time was 25.7 ± 4.8 months. Effectiveness was 63.3% for Engel I (n = 19), 13.3% for Engel II, 3.3% for Engel III, and 20.0% for Engel IV. According to the SEEG, 60.0% (n = 18) had MTLS, and 40.0% (n = 12) had LTLS. Compared with the MTLS group, the operation age of those with LTLS was significantly greater (26.9 ± 6.9 vs. 29.9 ± 12.5 years, t = -0.840, P = 0.009) with longer epilepsy duration (11.9 ± 6.0 vs. 17.9 ± 12.1 years, t = -1.801, P = 0.038). Patients with MTLS had a longer time interval between ictal onset to seizure (67.3 ± 59.1 s vs. 29.3 ± 24.4 s, t = 2.017, P = 0.008). The most common SEEG ictal pattern was a sharp/spike-wave rhythm in the MTLS group (55.6%) and low-voltage fast activity in the LTLS group (58.3%). Compared with the LTLS group, patients with MTLS had a more favorable prognosis (41.7% vs. 77.8%, P = 0.049). Post-operative recurrence was more likely to occur within three months after the operation for both groups, and there appeared to be a stable long-term outcome.@*CONCLUSION@#Patients with MTLS, who accounted for three-fifths of patients with TLE, showed a more favorable surgical outcome.

Pregnancy outcome analysis on second pregnancy women with scarred uterus / 上海预防医学

Objective To analyse the pregnant outcome of second pregnancy women with scarred uterus after two-child policy was issued. Methods In this study, 51 308 pregnant women who gave birth in 6 hospitals in Minhang District from Jan 2015 to Dec 2018 were studied to analyze the delivery mode and pregnancy outcome in women with scarred uterus. Results ① From 2015 to 2018, there were 9 762 (19.03%) pregnant women with scarred uterus in Minhang District and 91 (0.93%) of them delivered vaginally.Scarred uterus was the most frequent indication of cesarean section (42.06%).② The incidence of severe postpartum hemorrhage (bleeding volume≥2 000 mL) in scarred uterus group was higher than that in no-scar uterus group(χ2=8.268, P=0.004).③ Adverse pregnancy outcomes were noted:there were 42 cases of pernicious placenta previa (4.30‰), 6 cases of hysterectomy (0.61‰) and 22 cases of critical rescue (2.25‰) in scarred uterus group, with higher risk than those in no-scar uterus group(χ2=178.9, P < 0.001;Fisher exact probability method P=0.000;χ2=4.272, P=0.039).There was no significant difference in perinatal mortality between scarred uterus group and no-scar uterus group (χ2=3.240, P=0.072);The maternal mortality rate among both groups was 0. Conclusion With the adjustment of fertility policy, the number of pregnant women with scarred uterus and the risk of pregnancy increase.It is necessary to strengthen the management of early warning and assessment of risk during pregnancy of scarred uterus.By effectively controlling the first cesarean section, the risk of scarred uterus re-pregnancy should be avoided.

Discussion on the service model of comprehensive prevention and treatment for diabetic ophthalmopathy based on the remote diagnosis system / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To summarize the implementation effect of comprehensive prevention and treatment service model for diabetic ophthalmopathy in Pudong New Area, and provide practical reference for the establishment and improvement of the community-based comprehensive prevention and treatment service model of diabetic ophthalmopathy.<p>METHODS: From 2018-08 to 2019-08, diabetes patients with chronic disease management were selected for screening in the 45 community of Pudong New Area, stratified sampling by age and sex. The eye health data of long-distance screening were analyzed, and master the degree of satisfaction and participation willingness through the questionnaire survey.<p>RESULTS: The screening included 39 055 patients with DM, all of whom established eye health files for the first time. 15.870%(6 198/39 055)was made a definite diagnosis preliminarily of diabetic retinopathy, the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe NPDR and PDR were 3.974%, 9.904%, 1.746% and 0.246% respectively. The rate of needing referral was 44.325%(17 311/39 055); the rate of actual follow-up was 5.846%(1 012/17 311); the satisfaction of DR screening and willingness to participate were over 85%.<p>CONCLUSION: The service mode of comprehensive prevention and treatment for diabetic ophthalmopathy based on remote screening system was feasible for early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention of diabetic ophthalmopathy, but it needs further optimization and improvement in practice application.

Intradural Transpetrosectomy for Petrous Apex Meningiomas

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the surgical results of the intradural transpetrosectomy for petrous apex meningiomas (PAMs). In addition, we describe the methods and techniques used to expose and manage superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve. METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective study of 16 patients with PAMs operated by the senior author via the intradural transpetrosectomy between February 2012 to May 2017. We reviewed patient data regarding the general characteristics, surgical technique and surgery-related outcomes and adopted a combined follow-up strategy of clinic and telephone contacts to evaluate postoperative complications. RESULTS: Simpson grade I and II resection was performed in 10 out of 16 cases (62.5%), and grade III resection were reported in the remaining six cases (37.5%) with no resultant mortality. The mean Karnofsky Performance Status score was 85.6 preoperatively and improved to 91.9 postoperatively, with a mean follow-up period of 34.4 months (range, 6–66 months). Tumor recurrence was found in two patients and they underwent the second surgical operation. CONCLUSION: PAMs could be completely resected by the intradural transpetrosectomy with an improved survival rate and postoperative life quality. Superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve should be managed properly in avoidance of postoperative complications. Finally, most meningioma inside cavernous sinus or adhered to brainstem could be totally removed without postoperative complications.

Clinical Efficacy of Modified Shaofu Zhuyutang Combined with Zhengs Rebuzhen Therapy on Pain Caused by Adenomyosis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang combined with Zheng's Rebuzhen therapy on pain caused by adenomyosis (cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome) and levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) and prostaglandin. Method:One hundred and twenty-eight patients were randomly divided into control group (63 cases) and observation group (65 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group got desogestrel and ethinylestradiol tablets since the first day of menstruation for consecutive 21 days, 1 granule/time, 1 time/day, and Zheng's Rebuzhen therapy for consecutive 10 days during the menstruation, 1 time/day. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group were also given Shaofu Zhuyutang, 1 dose/day. A course of treatment was 3 menstrual cycles. Before and after treatment, cox menstrual symptom scale (CMSS) of COX, visual simulation of dysmenorrheal (VAS), chronic pelvic pain, pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) and cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome were scored. And uterine volume and endometrial thickness were evaluated by B-mode ultrasonography. And levels of VEGF, MMP-9, TIMP-1, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) and cancer antigen were detected. Result:After treatment, the clinical efficacy in observation group was superior to that in control group (Z=2.445, PPP2α and CA125 were lower than those in control group (P2 were higher than those in control group (PConclusion:In addition to desogestrel and ethinylestradiol tablets combined with Zheng's Rebuzhen therapy, modified Shaofu Zhuyutang can relieve pain and hemorrhage and improve the clinical efficacy. The mechanism may be correlated with the regulation of expression levels of VEGF, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and prostaglandin.

Intradural Transpetrosectomy for Petrous Apex Meningiomas

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the surgical results of the intradural transpetrosectomy for petrous apex meningiomas (PAMs). In addition, we describe the methods and techniques used to expose and manage superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve.METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective study of 16 patients with PAMs operated by the senior author via the intradural transpetrosectomy between February 2012 to May 2017. We reviewed patient data regarding the general characteristics, surgical technique and surgery-related outcomes and adopted a combined follow-up strategy of clinic and telephone contacts to evaluate postoperative complications.RESULTS: Simpson grade I and II resection was performed in 10 out of 16 cases (62.5%), and grade III resection were reported in the remaining six cases (37.5%) with no resultant mortality. The mean Karnofsky Performance Status score was 85.6 preoperatively and improved to 91.9 postoperatively, with a mean follow-up period of 34.4 months (range, 6–66 months). Tumor recurrence was found in two patients and they underwent the second surgical operation.CONCLUSION: PAMs could be completely resected by the intradural transpetrosectomy with an improved survival rate and postoperative life quality. Superior petrous vein and greater superficial petrosal nerve should be managed properly in avoidance of postoperative complications. Finally, most meningioma inside cavernous sinus or adhered to brainstem could be totally removed without postoperative complications.

Investigation and analysis of cesarean section rate and indications in Shanghai / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE:To study the current status of cesarean section rate(CSR)and cesarean section(CS)indications in Shanghai,and to provide basic evidence for reducing the rate of CS.METHODS:Six general and maternal and child hospi⁃tals(MCH)in Shanghai were selected,and all data of childbirth of these hospitals in 2016 were collected.The total CSR was calculated for all hospitals and the Chi-square tests were used to compare the CSR among different hospitals.The constitution of CS indications were reported by using the data collected from two out of the six hospitals.RESULTS:The to⁃tal CSR of all hospitals in this study was 47.88%(95% CI 47.30%-48.46%).The CSR in suburb an hospitals was signifi⁃cantly higher than that in outer suburbs and city center(51.72% vs. 50.54% vs. 43.24%,P<0.01),The CSR in secondary hospitals was significantly higher than that in tertiary hospitals(49.73% vs. 46.36%,P<0.01).The CSR in general hospi⁃tals was higher than that in MCH(54.54% vs. 43.81%,P<0.01).The CS without medical indications or for social reasons accounted for 25.15% of all CS,while the scar uterus(36.31%),maternal pregnancy-related complications(13.17%)and abnormal fetal head position(6.33%)were the three leading medical indications of CS.CONCLUSION:The CSR in Shang⁃hai is at a high level.There are significant differences in CSR among different hospitals.The scar uterine and social rea⁃sons are the leading causes of CS in Shanghai.

Anti-platelet aggregation mechanism of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation based on molecular simulation methods / 中国中药杂志

The thrombus is a deposit that is formed on the surface of the endovascular or at the site of repair,and known as the main complication of cardiovascular disease and the cause of death. At the same time,thrombus is mainly treated by the following three ways: anticoagulation,anti-platelet aggregation and thrombolysis. In this study,the chemical constituents of seven traditional Chinese medicines in the Xixian Tongshuan Preparation were collected to construct a component database. Subsequently,the pharmacophore were used to screen out the component database,and molecular docking was used to screen out the results of pharmacophore for explaining the material basis and mechanism that Xixian Tongshuan Preparation exerts anti-thrombotic activity by inhibiting platelet aggregation. First of all,P2 Y12,GPⅡb/Ⅲa and PAR1 were selected as study vectors,the optimal models of inhibitors were obtained respectively through verification and evaluation of the pharmacophore models. Afterwards,the component database was screened out by the optimal pharmacophore models of PAR1,P2 Y12 and GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,and the molecular docking method was used to further refine the screening results. The screening results indicated that the anti-platelet aggregation effect of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation was correlated with the inhibition of P2 Y12,PAR1 and GPⅡb/Ⅲa expressions with saffower yellower,hirudin and candidin and notoginseng triterpenes,folinic acid,respectively. The material basis and mechanism of anti-platelet aggregation of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation provided a theoretical basis for the clinical use of the preparation and the lead compounds for the development of anti-platelet aggregation drugs.

Occipitocervical fusion and fixation in malformation of craniocervical junction surgery / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To study the application of occipitocervical fusion and fixation in malformation of craniocervical junction surgery.Methods·Thirty-six consecutive patients with craniocervical junction malformation were decompressed under evoked-potential monitoring.Sixteen patients were treated with posterior occipitocervical fusion and fixation using Vertex screw-hook system,and 11 using Vertex screw-rod system,other patients using Mountaineer OCT spinal system.All patients were followed up for 2 to 12 years (mean 7 years).The recovery rate was analysed based on the scoring system of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA).Results·All the patients were followed up.A stable bony fusion according to radiological criteria was achieved in all cases.There was no implant broken and dislocation.The improvement rate according to JOA scoring system were evaluated.Twenty-four cases (66.7％) got cured;4 cases (11.1％) had remarkable effects;8 cases (22.2％) were effective;none was ineffective.Conclusion·Occipitocervical stabilizations hope to be restored through occipitocervical fusion and fixation.Good results can be obtained in most patients with complete radiological data,proper surgery indication,suitable surgical modality and internal fixation materials.

Influence of CT value-electron density transformation curve on radiotherapy dosage for different scanning sites / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To investigate the impacts of the CT value-electron density transformation curves on radiotherapy dosage for different scanning sites.Methods The CT value-electron density transformation curves under head,chest and abdomen modes were obtained with CIRS062 nonuniform equivalent phantom,a CT simulator and the same scanning parameters.Totally 8 patients with glioma,lung cancer or gastric cancer had the radiotherapy dosages calculated with Pinnacle 9.8 TPS and CT value-electron density transformation curve under the three modes,so as to analyze the dosage deviation involving in hop value as well as the dose volume histogram (DVH) for the target area and organs at risk (OAR).Results With the scanning parameters kept the same,the head area had no significant differences in the CT value-electron density transformation curve and exposure dosage with the abdomen area (P＞0.05),while the head and abdomen areas had statistical differences in the CT value-electron density transformation curve with the chest area (P＜0.05).CT values varied greatly at the high-density tissue,while the dosage deviations at the target area and OAR were both less than 2％.Conclusion CT value-electron density transformation curve for different scanning sites has influences on radiotherapy dosage,and head and chest tumors should have the dosage calculation based on the CT value-electron density transformation curve with corresponding scanning modes to ensure dosage computation precision during treatment planning.

Screening of anti-aging active ingredients and mechanism analysis based on molecular docking technology / 中国中药杂志

Dampness evil is the source of all diseases, which is easy to cause disease and promote aging, while aging could also promote the occurence and development of diseases. In this paper, the relationship between the dampness evil and aging would be discussed, to find the anti-aging active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and analyze the anti-aging mechanism of dampness eliminating drug. Molecular docking technology was used, with aging-related mammalian target of rapamycin as the docking receptors, and chemical components of Fuling, Sangzhi, Mugua, Yiyiren and Houpo as the docking molecules, to preliminarily screen the anti-aging active ingredients in dampness eliminating drug. Through the comparison with active drugs already on the market (temsirolimus and everolimus), 12 kinds of potential anti-aging active ingredients were found, but their drug gability still needs further study. The docking results showed that various components in the dampness eliminating drug can play anti-aging activities by acting on mammalian target of rapamycin. This result provides a new thought and direction for the method of delaying aging by eliminating dampness.

Deep Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus in Patients with Intractable Tourette Syndrome: A 1-year Follow-up Study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been a promising treatment for patients with refractory Tourette syndrome (TS) for more than a decade. Despite successful DBS treatment of TS in more than 100 patients worldwide, studies with a large patient sample and long-term follow-up assessments are still scarce. Accordingly, we investigated the clinical efficacy and safety of globus pallidus internus (GPi) DBS in the treatment of intractable TS in 24 patients with a 1-year follow-up assessment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bilateral/unilateral GPi-DBS was performed in 24 patients with TS. We evaluated symptoms of tics and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) through the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and Yale-Brown Obsessive-compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). We used the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised in China (WAIS-RC) to evaluate the safety of the treatment. We conducted follow-up assessments of all patients for at least 12 months (12-99 months).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Symptoms of tics and OCD were significantly relieved at a 12-month follow-up assessment. The mean YGTSS score was 74.04 ± 11.52, 49.83 ± 10.91, 32.58 ± 7.97, and 31.21 ± 8.87 at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. The mean YGTSS scores obtained at the follow-up assessments were significantly different from the baseline (P < 0.05). The improvement in motor tics was superior to that in phonic tics. The mean Y-BOCS scores were 21.61 ± 4.97, 18 ± 4.58, 14.39 ± 3.99, and 13.78 ± 4.56 at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively (P < 0.05). We observed a remarkable improvement in psychiatric comorbidities, such as OCD and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, after the procedure. WAIS-RC scores were comparable before and after the operation. There were no severe postoperative complications.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GPi-DBS appears to comprehensively alleviate tic symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities in patients with TS, thus significantly improving patients' quality of life.</p>

Improved Intermittent-clamped Drainage in Lower Lumbar Internal Fixation: A Randomized Prospective Study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Continuous negative pressure drainage (CNPD) is widely used after lower lumbar internal fixation; however, it may cause tremendous blood loss and lead to postoperative hemorrhagic anemia. The present study explored the efficacy and safety of improved intermittent-clamped drainage (ICD) for lower lumbar internal fixation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This was a prospective study that included 156 patients with decompression of the spinal canal and internal fixation for the first time from January 2012 to December 2014. The patients were randomly divided into ICD group and CNPD group, and each group had 78 cases. A drainage tube was placed under the deep fascia in all patients within 10 min after the commencement of wound closure. The postoperative drainage amount at different time points, the hemoglobin level, and postoperative complications were recorded and compared between the two groups. Shapiro-Wilk test, independent samples t-test, and Mann-Whitney U-test were used in this study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The drainage amount was significantly reduced in the ICD group, as compared with the CNPD group (Z = 10.74, P < 0.01). The mean total drainage amount (in ml) of the single-segment and two-segment procedures was significantly greater in the CNPD group than the ICD group (Z = 10.63 and 10.75, respectively; P < 0.01). For the adverse events, there was no significant difference in postoperative temperature, wound problem, and complications between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The present study showed a statistically significant reduction in postoperative drainage amount between ICD and CNPD groups, and ICD is an effective, convenient, and safe method for routine use in lower lumbar surgery. It is essential to focus on the effect of clamping drainage with long-segment surgical procedure and complex lumbar disease in the further investigation, as well as the effect of clamping on long-term functional outcomes.</p>

Effect of siRNA on Wisp-1 gene expression, proliferation, migration and adhesion of mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cells

OBJECTIVE@#To study the inhibition effect of siRNA on the expression of Wisp-1 gene in Hca-F of mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cells strain and also its effect on the proliferation, migration and adhesion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.@*METHODS@#Three expression vectors of siRNA were constructed. Lipo2000 was employed to transfect Hca-F cells and Western blot was used to detect the inhibition effect of siRNA on the expression of Wisp-1 gene. Afterward, CCK8 was adopted to detect the effect of Wisp-1 siRNA on the proliferation of Hca-F cells; Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of Wisp-1 siRNA on the apoptosis of Hca-F cells; Transwell was used to detect the effect of Wisp-1 siRNA on the migration of Hca-F cells. The in vitro cell adhesion kit was used to detect of Wisp-1 siRNA on the change in the components of extracellular matrix to which Hca-F cells adhered. Western blot was used to detect the activation of protein kinase B (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β pathway and the expression of downstream target protein p53 and matrix metalloproteinases-2.@*RESULTS@#The siRNA showed interference effect on the expression of Wisp-1 gene. Compared with the control group, after being transfected to cells, Wisp-1 siRNA could significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration and adhesion of Hca-F cells and also promote the cell apoptosis, which was related to the down-regulated phosphorylation of AKT and glycogen synthase kinase-3β and the expression of p53 and matrix metalloproteinases-2 (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The inhibition of Wisp-1 expression can reduce the proliferation, migration and adhesion of mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cells, which is related to the AKT/glycogen synthase kinase-3β pathway. Wisp-1 gene may be the potential target to cure the hepatocellular carcinoma.

Discovering L-type calcium channels inhibitors of antihypertensive drugs based on drug repositioning / 中国中药杂志

This study was amid to construct the pharmacophore model of L-type calcium channel antagonist in the application of screening Drugbank and TCMD. This paper repositions the approved drugs resulting from virtual screening and discusses the relocation-based drug discovery methods, screening antihypertensive drugs with L-type calcium channel function from TCMD. Qualitative hypotheses wre generated by HipHop separately on the basis of 12 compounds with antagonistic action on L-type calcium channel expressed in rabbit cardiac muscle. Datebase searching method was used to evaluate the generated hypotheses. The optimum hypothesis was used to search Drugbank and TCMD. This paper repositions the approved drugs and evaluates the antihypertensive effect of the chemical constituent of traditional Chinese medicine resulting from virtual screening by the matching score and literature. The results showed that optimum qualitative hypothesis is with six features, which were two hydrogen-bond acceptors, four hydrophobic groups, and the CAI value of 2.78. Screening Drugbank achieves 93 approved drugs. Screening TCMD achieves 285 chemical constituents of traditional Chinese medicine. It was concluded that the hypothesis is reliable and can be used to screen datebase. The approved drugs resulting from virtual screening, such as pravastatin, are potentially L-type calcium channels inhibitors. The chemical constituents of traditional Chinese medicine, such as Arctigenin III and Arctigenin are potentially antihypertensive drugs. It indicates that Drug Repositioning based on hypothesis is possible.